a government or circle in the province of East Prussia, a part of which was taken from Lithuania. It extends over 6512 square miles, and contains nineteen cities, thirteen market-towns, ninety-four parishes, and 2954 hamlets, with 46,882 dwellings. The inhabitants in 1817 amounted to 36,480, of whom 6370 were Catholics, and the rest Protestants. The chief place is the city of the same name, situated on the river Pissa. It is not more than a hundred years old, and is well built, but with no fortifications. It contained, in 1817, 488 houses, and 6057 inhabitants, including the military. Long. 22° 30'. E. Lat. 54° 31'. N.