island on the west coast of North America, about fifty miles from the entrance into Cook's Inlet. It is about sixty miles in length, and, along with the smaller island of Atognak, is separated from the continent by the Straits of Cheligooff. The natives are robust, active, and well skilled in all the arts connected with fishery. They have an ingenious manner of constructing their boats, which are almost entirely covered with leather. The port of St Paul's on this island was long the chief seat of the trade of the Russians with north-western America. The natives having been found extremely serviceable, were removed in great numbers to the other Russian settlements along the coast.

Koei-Tchoo, a province of China, situated near the south-western extremity of the empire, bordering on Yunnan. It is of a much more unequal surface than the rest of the empire, and full of precipitous mountains, inhabited by barbarous and independent races, from whom the Chinese emperor is scarcely able to collect the moderate tribute which he exacts, even by the aid of all the forts and garrisons which he is obliged to maintain. The mountains yield gold, silver, copper, and mercury. Sir George Staunton estimates the population at 9,000,000.

Koei-Tchoo-Fou, a city of China, of the first rank, in the province of Szechuan. It is situated on the great river Yang-tse-kiang, and has a very extensive trade. The neighbouring country is mountainous, but is highly cultivated, and abounds in fruit. Long. 109. 50. E. Lat. 31. 9. N.

Kempfer, Engelbert, was born in 1651 at Lemgow, in Westphalia. After studying in several towns, he went to Dantzig, where he gave the first public specimen of his proficiency, in a dissertation De Majestatis Divisione. He then went to Thorn, and thence proceeded to the university of Cracow, where he took his degree of doctor in philosophy; after which he went to Königsberg in Prussia, and staid there four years. He next travelled into Sweden, where he soon began to make a figure, and was appointed secretary of the embassy to the sophi of Persia. He set out from Stockholm with the presents for that emperor, and went through Aaland, Finland, and Ingermanland, to Narva, where he met Mr Fabricius the ambassador, who had been ordered to take Moscow in his way. The ambassador having ended his negotiations at the Russian court, set out for Persia. During their stay two years at Ispahan, Dr Kempfer, whose curious and inquisitive disposition suffered nothing to escape him unobserved, took all the advantage possible of remaining so long in the capital of the Persian empire. When, towards the close of 1685, the ambassador prepared to return into Europe, Dr Kempfer chose rather to enter into the service of the Dutch East India Company, in quality of chief surgeon to the fleet, then cruising in the Persian Gulf. He went on board the fleet, which, after touching at many Dutch settlements, reached Batavia in September 1689. Dr Kempfer here applied himself chiefly to natural history. From Batavia he set out for Japan, in quality of physician to the embassy which the Dutch East India Company send once a year to the Japanese court. He quitted Japan to return to Europe in 1692. In 1694 he took his degree of doctor of physic at Leyden; on which occasion he communicated, in what are called Inaugural Theses, ten very singular and curious observations made by him in foreign countries. He intended to digest his memoirs into proper order, but was prevented by being made physician to the Count la Lippe. He died in 1716. His principal works are, 1. Amenitates Exoticae, in 4to, a work including many curious and useful particulars in relation to the civil and natural history of the countries through which he passed; 2. Herbarium Ultra-Gangeticum; 3. The History of Japan, in German, for which the public is indebted to Sir Hans Sloane, who purchased for a considerable sum of money all our author's curiosities, both natural and artificial, as likewise all his drawings and manuscript memoirs, and prevailed on Dr Scheuchzer to translate the Japanese history into English.

Kohcraan, a district of Hindustan, in the north-western quarter of the province of Lahore, situated between the thirty-third and thirty-fourth degrees of north latitude, on the western side of the Jhyhum or Hydaspes River. It contains no town of note, and the face of the country is extremely hilly and wild, possessed by petty chiefs, who are tributary either to the Seiks or Afghans.