a city in the department of the Upper Saone, and arrondissement, of Lure, in France. It is situated in a woody valley on the banks of the Breuchin, and is celebrated for its warm baths, as well as for a spring strongly impregnated with iron, all of which are much visited by invalids. About a quarter of a mile from the town are the remains of some magnificent baths constructed by the Romans. It contains 310 houses and 3200 inhabitants. Long. 6° 19'. E. Lat. 47° 50'. N.

LUXURIANS Flos, a luxuriant or double flower, some of the parts of which are increased in number, to the diminution or entire exclusion of others.

The parts which are augmented or multiplied in luxuriant flowers, are the flower-cup and petals, which Linnæus considers as the teguments or covers of the flower; the parts which are diminished or entirely excluded are the stamens or chives, which the same author denominates the male organs of generation.

Luxuriance in flowers is capable of the three following varieties. 1. A flower is said to be multiplied (flos multiplicatus) when the increase of the petals is not such as to exclude all the stamens. In this sense, flowers are properly said to be double, triple, or quadruple, according to the number of multiplications of the petals. 2. A flower is said to be full (flos plenus) when, by the multiplication of the petals, all the stamens are excluded. Such are most of the double flowers which engage the attention of florists. 3. A flower is said to be prolific (flos prolifer) which produces flowers, and sometimes leaves, from its centre.

Many natural orders of plants do not in any circumstances produce luxuriant flowers. Of this kind are the masked flowers of Tournefort, excepting calf's-snout; and the rough-leaved, umbelliferous, starry plants, and such as flower at the joints, of Ray. Some umbelliferous flowers, however, are prolific. The pea-bloom or butterfly-shaped flowers are rarely rendered double; some instances, however, of luxuriance are observed in a species of lady's finger, coronilla, and broom.

All luxuriant flowers are vegetable monsters. Such as are perfectly full, by which we mean the greatest degree of luxuriance, cannot be propagated by seeds, because these, for want of impregnation, can never ripen. Full flowers therefore are very properly denominated by Linnæus eunuchs. This highest degree of luxuriance is very common in carnation, lychnis, anemone, stock, Indian cress, rose, marsh marigold, ranunculus, violet, peony, and narcissus.

Flowers which do not exclude all the stamens perfect their seeds. Of this kind are poppy, fennel-flower, campanula, and some others. Some flowers, as those of the water-lily, fig-marigold, and cactus, have many rows or series of petals, without the number of stamens being in the least diminished. Such flowers are not to be reckoned luxuriant in the slightest degree. Luxuriance in flowers is generally owing to excess of nourishment.