a city of Turkey in Europe, in the government of Rumelia, and in the department of Sofia, the Turkish name of which is Filibe. It stands upon a plain, watered by the river Maritza, which is to a certain extent navigable, in a beautiful situation, on the great road from the frontiers to Constantinople. It is a well-built place, and has twenty mosques, two caravanserais, several Greek and Armenian churches, and many public and private baths. It is the seat of a Greek archbishop, and also a manufacturing city, in which woollen, silk, and cotton goods are made; and there are some very extensive tanneries. The commodities thus produced form a portion of the exports, to which are added raw materials, such as wool and silk. A great quantity of rice is grown on the banks of the river, and much tobacco, as well as abundance of grapes, on the more elevated parts. The inhabitants are stated to be about 30,000.