a town of Sweden, in the most northern spot that is inhabited. It stands between two rivers, the Torne and the Galixel; but as the first of these streams runs the boundary between Russian Finland and Sweden, part of the town, which is on the eastern side, now belongs to the Russian empire. There are near it a few mines of iron, but their produce is insignificant, as is the number of inhabitants. Lat. 67° 51' 9" N. It forms a part of the estate of Ranua, whose church is lat. 68° 50', the most northerly building on the continent of Europe.

Tornia, a place usually denominated a city, in the northern part of Lapland, now a part of the Russian empire. It is the capital of the province of Lapmark, and stands on a peninsula on the sea-shore, with a harbour nearly choked with sand; but being the only port in the Gulf of Bothnia, whatever commerce is there carried on, centres at Tornia. The chief exports are planks, salted salmon, dried fish, rein-deer skins, some tar, and a little butter. The town is composed of about 120 houses, with 750 inhabitants, who among them are owners of two ships of small burden. Long. 24° 1' E. Lat. 65° 50' 50" N.