a circle of the Russian government of Nishegorod, extending in north latitude from 55° 52' to 56° 40', and in east longitude from 45° 5' to 46° 22'. It is watered by the rivers Wolga, Sura, and Wetluga, is of moderate fertility, yielding corn, but more pasturage. The population is 110,000, who find much employment in making mats from the bark of the trees. The capital is a town of the same name, situated on the river Sura, where it falls into the Wolga. It is chiefly built of wood, and contains 1500 inhabitants. It is 881 miles from St Petersburg. Long. 46. 6. E. Lat. 63. 52. N.