a circle of the Russian government of Witeshok. It extends in north latitude from 55° 29' to 56° 2', and in east longitude from 30° 13' to 31° 6'. It contains one city and 1013 villages, with 56,400 inhabitants. The principal river is the Duna, which receives the waters of the Mescha and the Welish, as well as the overflowing of the lakes Us... The capital is a city of the same name as Duna, at the spot where the Welschka falls into that stream. It is an ancient and ill-built town, with a Greek and Catholic church, and a synagogue. It contains 4800 inhabitants, a fourth part of whom are Jews. It is 480 miles from St Petersburg. Long. 31° 48' E. Lat. 55° 36' N.

ELL, a hole underground, usually of a cylindrical figure and walled with stone and mortar. Its use is to collect water of the strata around it.

ELL, an apartment formed in the middle of a ship's hold to enclose the pumps, from the bottom to the lower deck. It is used as a barrier to preserve those machines from being damaged by the friction or compression of the materials contained in the hold, and particularly to prevent the entrance of ballast, &c., by which the tubes would presently be choked, and the pumps rendered incapable of service. By means of this enclosure, the artificers may likewise more readily descend into the hold in order to examine the state of the pumps, and repair them as occasion requires.

ELLESLEY'S ISLANDS, a group of islands so called by captain Flinders, at the head of the Gulf of Carpentaria, on the north coast of New Holland. Their names are Mungin isle, Pisonia, Bentinck, Sweer's island, and several other small and rocky islets.

ELLINGBOROUGH, a market-town of the county of Northampton, in the hundred of Hamfordshoe, sixty-eight miles from London, and seven from Northampton, on the river Nene. It is a well-built town, in which the making of boots and shoes and bobbin lace is still carried on, though the latter trade has declined. Near to it are some medicinal springs, not now in request. From these the place derives its name. There is a good market on Wednesday. The population amounted in 1821 to 4454, and in 1831 to 469.

ELLINGTON, a market-town in the county of Somerset, in the hundred of West Kingsbury, on the river Tone, fifteen miles from London and seven from Taunton. It is in a rich district, is well built, has an ancient noble church, and a new one recently erected at the sole expense of the deanery. The town formerly had a considerable trade in making sashes and other woollen goods, but that branch of industry has greatly declined of late years. Some pottery is made. There is a well-frequented market on Thursday. The population amounted in 1821 to 4170, and in 1831 to 4762.

ELLINGTON, a market-town of the county of Salop, in the hundred of South Bradford, near the Wreklin, 150 miles from London. It is a well-built place, has a handsome church of modern erection, supported by cast-iron piers. There is a good market on Thursday, and very considerable occupation afforded by the mines of iron and coal in the vicinity, and by some large iron furnaces. The population amounted in 1821 to 8390, and in 1831 to 9671.

ELLS, a city of the county of Somerset, in the hundred of Wellsforum, 120 miles from London and eighteen from Bath. It is situated in a rich valley at the foot of the Mendip Hills, which supply abundance of coal. It is notably well built, though many of the houses are of an antique fashion, whilst others of more modern erection are very handsome. The streets are well paved, and remarkably clean. In conjunction with Bath, it is the seat of a bishop whose palace in the city is one of the best episcopal residences in the kingdom. The cathedral is a spacious Gothic structure in the form of a cross, 380 feet long and 150 feet wide. The most remarkable part of the building is the west front, which is most elaborately ornamented with statues of most excellent carved work in stone. One of the windows contains some beautiful paintings on glass. The chapter-house is remarkable for its structure in the form of a rotunda, having its roof supported by a single pillar in the centre. The deanery is a handsome residence, and the houses of the vicars within the close are very commodious. Besides those belonging to the church, there are several other charitable establishments. Near the city is St Andrew's Well, whose water is conveyed by pipes to an elegant conduit near the market-cross, and from thence runs through a part of the city. The civil government is vested in the corporation, consisting of a mayor, four aldermen, and eleven councillors; and the city returns two members to the House of Commons. Besides the cathedral, is the parish church of St Cuthbert, with a lofty square tower, and a fine set of six bells; and various places of worship for dissenters. There are good markets on Wednesday and Saturday, and four annual fairs. There are horse-races yearly near the city. The population amounted in 1821 to 5888, and in 1831 to 6649.