son of Seirim, an Arabian author, who wrote a book on the interpretation of dreams, which was translated into Greek and Latin. The original was supposed to be lost; but it seems probable that Achmet is the same person as Abû Bekr Mohammed Ben Sirin, who lived in the 7th century, and whose *Orospirum* in Arabic is extant in the Royal Library at Paris.

**ACHMET I**, emperor of the Turks, the third son and successor of Mahomet III., ascended the throne before he reached the age of 15. During his reign, the Turkish empire underwent great reverses. The Asiatic rebels, who took refuge in Persia, involved the two empires in a war, during which the Turks lost Bagdad, to recover which every effort proved unsuccessful. In his reign, Transylvania and Hungary were the scenes of war between the Turks and Germans. In addition to the calamities and distresses of war abroad, and internal tumults and broils, a pretender to his throne disturbed his repose, and made attempts on his life. He was much devoted to amusements, and spent his time chiefly in the harem and in the sports of the field. He expended great sums of money in building, and particularly on the magnificent mosque which he erected in the Hippodrome. Achmet was less cruel than some of his predecessors, but he was haughty and ambitious. He died in 1617, at the age of 29.

**ACHMET II.**, emperor of the Turks, son of Sultan Ibrahim, succeeded his brother Solyman in 1691. The administration of affairs during his reign was feeble and unsettled. The Ottoman territory was overrun by the imperialists; the Venetians seized the Morea, took the isle of Chios, and several places in Dalmatia; and the Arabs attacked and plundered a caravan of pilgrims, and even laid siege to Mecca. Though inefficient as a ruler, Achmet in private life was mild, devout, and inoffensive, fond of poetry and music, and amiable to those about his person. He died in 1695, at the age of 50.

**ACHMET III.**, emperor of the Turks, son of Mahomet IV., succeeded his brother Mustapha II., who was deposed in 1703. After he had settled the discontents of the empire, his great object was to amass wealth. With this view he debased the coin, and imposed new taxes. He received Charles XII. of Sweden, who took refuge in his dominions after the battle of Pultowa in 1709, with great hospitality; and, influenced by the sultana mother, he declared war against the Czar Peter, Charles's formidable rival. Achmet recovered the Morea from the Venetians; but his expedition into Hungary was less fortunate, for his army was defeated by Prince Eugene at the battle of Peterwaradin in 1716. As the public measures of Achmet were influenced by ministers and favourites, the empire during his reign was frequently distracted by political struggles and revolutions. The discontent and sedition of his soldiers at last drove him from the throne. He was deposed in 1730, and succeeded by his nephew Mahomet V. He died in 1736, at the age of 74.