in *Roman Antiquity*, a kind of fourth or honorary name, given to a person on account of some extraordinary action, virtue, or accomplishment. Thus the agnomem *Africanus* was bestowed upon Publius Cornelius Scipio on account of his great achievements in Africa. The order in which the names of a Roman citizen followed each other was thus: 1. *Praenomen*, denoting the individual; 2. *Nomen gentilicium*, indicating the *gens* to which he belonged; 3. *Cognomen*, which every citizen had or might have, marked his *familia*; 4. *Agnomem*, given as a mark of distinction, usually honorary, but sometimes the reverse.