regent of Macedonia during Alexander's eastern expedition. He gained this distinguished position by his faithful attachment and his prudence. In b.c. 330, he had to subdue the rebellious tribes of Thrace; but even before this insurrection was quelled, another broke out in Peloponnesus, where the Spartan king Agis rose against Macedonia. Having settled the affairs in Thrace as well as he could, Antipater hastened with an army to the south, Antipater and in a battle near Megalopolis, gained a complete victory over the insurgents. He was much molested in his administration of Macedon by the arrogance and ambition of Olympias, the mother of Alexander. The repeated complaints which both parties sent to Alexander, induced the latter to invite Antipater to Asia, and to appoint Craterus regent in his stead. But before this could be effected, Alexander died at Babylon. In the first division of the empire among the Macedonian generals, it was resolved that Antipater and Craterus should undertake the administration of the European parts of the empire, with the exception of Thrace, which was to be given to Lysimachus. The death of Alexander tempted the Greeks to assert their independence, but the prudence and valour of Antipater crushed all attempts in the Lamian war, and established the Macedonian rule in Greece on a firm footing. At the same time Craterus was engaged in a war against the Aetolians, when news arrived from Asia which induced Antipater to conclude peace with them; for Antigonus reported that Perdiccas was contemplating to make himself sole master of the whole empire. Antipater and Craterus accordingly prepared for war against Perdiccas, and allied themselves with Ptolemy, the governor of Egypt. Antipater crossed over into Asia, B.C. 321; and while still in Syria, he received information that Perdiccas had been murdered by his own soldiers. Antipater now, as administrator of the empire, made several new regulations, and having commissioned Antigonus to continue the war against Eumenes and the other partizans of Perdiccas, returned to Macedonia, where he arrived in B.C. 320. Soon after this he was seized by an illness which terminated his long and active life in B.C. 319. Passing over his son Cassander, he appointed Polyperchon regent, a measure which gave rise to much confusion and ill feeling.

Idumean of illustrious birth, and possessed of great riches and abilities, taking advantage of the confusion into which the two brothers Hyrcanus and Aristobulus plunged Judaea by their contest for the office of high priest, took such measures as to gain for Hyrcanus that office, and under his government to obtain the absolute direction of all affairs. His great abilities raised him to such importance that he was honoured as much as if he had been formally invested with the royal authority. He was at last poisoned by a Jew named Malichus, B.C. 43. He left, among other children, the famous Herod, king of the Jews.

Antipater, Celsus, a Roman historian, who wrote a rhetorical history of the second Punic war, much valued by Cicero. The emperor Hadrian preferred him to Sallust.

Antipater of Sidon, a Stoic philosopher, and likewise a poet, commended by Cicero and Seneca. He flourished about the 170th Olympiad. We have several of his epigrams in the Greek Anthology.