the capital of the county of Cayuga, in the state of New York. It is remarkable for its great penitentiary or state prison, in which the experiment of solitary confinement for crimes was made, but abandoned after two years' experience of its injurious effects on the minds and bodies of the prisoners. After this the silent system was adopted. (See Roscoe on Penal Jurisprudence.) The building is an oblong of 1000 by 500 feet, and is surrounded by a wall 3000 feet in length, and 30 feet high. A Presbyterian theological seminary was founded here in 1821, and is now in a very flourishing condition. There are also several churches and schools, two academies, a museum, two banks, and manufactures of woollen and cotton stuffs, leather, &c. Pop. in 1850, 9548.