a city of Hindostan, in the native state of Hyderabad, or dominions of the Nizam. It was founded about the year 1620 under the name of Gurka, by Malik Amber, an Abyssinian who had risen from the condition of a slave, to great influence and command. Subsequently it became the capital of the Mogul conquests in the S. of India; and in the time of Aurungzebe, who made it the seat of government during his vicereignty of the Deccan, it received the name of Aurungabad, and became the principal place of an extensive province of the same name, stretching westward to the sea, and comprehending nearly the whole of the territory now comprised within the British districts, constituting the northern division of the Presidency of Bombay. Aurungabad continued to be the capital of the succession of potentates bearing the modern title of Nizam, after those chiefs became independent of Delhi, until they quitted it for Hyderabad. The city has greatly fallen from its ancient grandeur. The interior is but half peopled, and in ruins, presenting melancholy appearances of desertion and decay. The population is, however, still considerable, and in the bazaar, which is very extensive, are exposed for sale various kinds of commodities, European and Indian, particularly silks and shawls. The walls are similar in their construction to those of all the other cities in this quarter in India, being rather low, with round towers. Distance from Poona 138 miles, from Bombay by Poona 207, from Hyderabad 270. Long. 75. 21. E. Lat. 19. 51. N. (E. T.)