a province of the kingdom of Naples, bounded on the N. by Capitanata, N.E. by Terra di Bari, E. by Otranto and the Gulf of Taranto, S. by Calabria Citra, S.W. by the Mediterranean, W. by Principato Citra, and N.W. by Principato Ultra. It has an area of 3130 geographical square miles, and is divided into four districts and 121 communes. Pop. 481,288. In the N.W. part of this territory the Apennines divide into two branches, the one running eastward to Terra di Bari, and the other southward to Calabria. The principal rivers are the Bradano, Basento, Salandrella, Agri, and Sinnio, all flowing into the Gulf of Taranto. The principal productions are maize, wine, lint, hemp, and tobacco; swine, goats, and sheep, are numerous; and the produce of the silkworm forms a considerable branch of industry. The chief towns are Potenza, Francavilla, and Turisi.