a considerable negro nation, consisting of many tribes that inhabit Southern Africa, to the north of the Gariep, or great Orange river, from about 23° to 23° S. Lat. An extensive desert is the western boundary between them and the Hottentots on the western coast; and a chain of mountains running parallel to the eastern coast, at the distance of 70 or 80 miles, divides them from Kaffirland. They have been described by Burchell, and by Campbell and other missionaries. The Betchuana are dexterous workers in copper and iron, which they fabricate into ornaments, arms, and agricultural implements, as spades and hoes. Their capital is Litikun or Lattakoo. Each tribe is under an hereditary chief. The most civilized are the Vankeets and Mointee tribes. The latter cultivate millet, sugar-cane, and tobacco; they build with stone, are dexterous smiths, and know how to draw copper wire, and to twist it into various neat ornaments. Of all the tribes the chief riches are cattle, and they deal in ivory to a considerable extent. Their dress consists of a covering round the loins, and cloaks of skins very neatly sewed together. (Burchell's Travels; Campbell's Journeys; Geographical Journal; Cumming's S. Africa.)