the name of several eminent men, particularly of nine popes. To the first of these, who was chosen pope in December 418, St Augustin dedicated his four books in answer to the two epistles of the Pelagians.—Boniface II. was elected pope in October 530, and succeeded Felix IV., who had been nominated by a part of the clergy, the senate, and the people assembled in the basilica of Constantinople, and whose memory he caused to be condemned. His pontificate was distinguished only for its turbulence.—Boniface III. was elected in February 606. He prevailed upon the emperor Phocas to consent that the title of Universal Bishop should be conferred on no other but the bishop of Rome, and that the Holy See should have the supremacy over that of Constantinople.—Boniface IV. raised to the papal chair in August 608, obtained from the same emperor the Pantheon, or temple of all the gods, built by Agrippa, and converted it into a church, which he consecrated to all the martyrs and the Virgin, under the name of Santa Maria della Rotonda.—Boniface V. was elected in December 618, and died in October 624.—Boniface VI. was elected in April 896, but died of the gout fifteen days thereafter.—Boniface VII., called Franco, is styled an antipope. He was suspected of having caused Benedict VI. to be strangled in prison in 974; and after the election of Benedict VII. he removed the treasures of the church to Constantinople. He returned on the death of Benedict, whose successor John XIV. was disposed of in the same way as Benedict VI. This intruder died in December 985.—Boniface VIII., a pontiff conspicuous for his pretensions to temporal authority, was elected in December 1294. He canonized St Louis in 1297, and in 1300 appointed the jubilee to be solemnized every hundred years thereafter.—Boniface IX. was elected pope on the 2d November 1389, after the death of Urban VI., and during the schism of the west. He supported Ladislaus of Hungary in his pretensions to the kingdom of Hungary, against Louis of Anjou, protected by the Avignon pope, Clement VII. Some writers have praised his moral character; but the greater number have accused him of simony, of cupidity in order to enrich his family, and of exactions for the support of his government. He died on the 1st October 1394.

saint designated as the Apostle of Germany, was an Englishman, by name Winifred, and was born in Devonshire, A.D. 670. He went to preach the gospel among the barbarous nations of Germany; and although created archbishop of Mayence, he soon after resigned his office, in order to preach in East Friesland, where during a tumult he was murdered by the pagans, June 5, 755. With him also perished Eoban a bishop, three priests, three deacons, four monks, and forty-eight laics. The Bollandists collected the Acta Bonifaciana, containing an account of the miracles of the saint; and a collection of his Letters, amounting to 152, was published by Serrarius in 1605, 4to. In the Speculum of D'Achery may be found the canons which he promulgated for regulating the conduct of his clergy; and one of his sermons is preserved in the Thesaurus Anecdotorum Nocivissim, tom. iii. part 2, published by D. Bernard Pez, at Augsburg, 1729.