chief town of the circle of the same name in Rhenish Prussia, is pleasantly situated on the left bank of the Rhine, 15 miles S.S.E. of Cologne, with which it is connected by railway. The town has several good streets and a fine market-place. A statue of Beethoven, who was born here on the 17th December 1770, was erected, in 1844, in one of the squares. The cathedral is a fine old edifice in the Byzantine style, surmounted by five towers. Bonn is chiefly celebrated for its university, established by the king of Prussia in 1818, and occupying the extensive palace of the electors of Cologne. It has faculties of philosophy, law, medicine, and theology, both Protestant and Roman Catholic. The number of students in 1849 was 833, of whom 116 were foreigners. It has numbered among its professors Niebuhr and A. W. Schlegel, and among its students, H.R.H. Prince Albert. The library contains about 150,000 volumes. A beautiful avenue of chestnut trees, about a mile in length, extends Bonnefons from the university to the chateau of Poppelsdorf, which contains a valuable museum of natural history, and has attached to it a spacious botanic garden. Bonn has one Protestant and three Roman Catholic churches, a synagogue, a gymnasium, and riding-school. Pop. (1849) including the military, 17,688, of whom 14,725 are Catholics. Its principal manufactures are cotton, silk, tobacco, and soap; and it has a considerable trade in wine, grain, &c. The circle has a population of 55,872.