a circle in the Austrian province of Moravia, extending over 4437 square miles, and having in 1851 an estimated population of 874,528. The northern part of the circle is a portion of the Moravian mountain range, which abounds in mineral wealth. Between the mountains the land is highly productive in corn and cattle. It is the chief manufacturing district of the imperial dominions, and produces good woollen, linen, and cotton goods of all descriptions.

BEUNX, the capital of the above circle, as well as of the province of Moravia, stands between and on the declivities of two hills at the confluence of the Schwarza and the Zwittawa, 69 miles north of Vienna, and 115 miles W.S.W. of Prague, with both of which it is connected by railway. Lat. 49.11.28. N. Long. 16.36.35. E. It is surrounded by walls and trenches, and possesses numerous fine buildings; but the streets are narrow and crooked, though well paved. The citadel of Spielberg, standing on the hill of the same name west of the town, has been used, since its fortifications were destroyed by the French, as a state prison, and here Silvio Pellico was confined for eight years. Among the public buildings are the cathedral, the fine Gothic church of St James, built in 1215, with a tower 276 feet high, the barracks, city-hall, theatre, bishop's palace, governor's house, park, and public gardens. Brunn is the seat of the chief legal and military courts of the province, of a bishop, and a Protestant consistory; and has a philosophical institution, theological seminary, gymnasium, several academies, schools, and learned societies, museum, botanic garden, agricultural society, infirmary, orphan and lunatic asylum, deaf-mute institution, &c. Its manufactures of woollen goods are the most extensive in the Austrian dominions. It has also considerable manufactures of silk and cotton goods, leather, tobacco, &c., and is the centre of a large trade. Pop. 42,000, exclusive of the military, who may amount to 3000.