WILLIAM, a celebrated antiquary, was born Camden, in the Old Bailey, London, May 2, 1551. His father, who was a native of Lichfield, settled in London, where he became a member of the company of paper-stainers. His mother was of the ancient family of Curwen of Workington in Cumberland. Young Camden received his early education at Christ's Hospital and St Paul's school; and in 1566 he entered as a servitor of Magdalen College, Oxford; but being disappointed of a demi's place, he removed to Broadgate Hall, and, somewhat more than two years afterwards, to Christ Church, where he was supported by his kind friend and patron Dr Thornton. About this time he became a candidate for a fellowship at All Souls College, which he lost through the intrigues of the Popish party. In 1570 he supplicated the regents of the university to be admitted bachelor of arts, but in this also he was disappointed. The following year Camden came to London, where he prosecuted his favourite study of antiquity, under the patronage of Dr Goodman, dean of Westminster, by whose interest he was made, in 1575, second master of Westminster school. From the time of his leaving the university to this period, he made the tour of great part of England, with a view to make observations and collect materials for his celebrated Britannia, on which he was now seriously engaged. In 1581 he became intimately acquainted with the learned President Brisson, who was then in England, and in 1586 he published the first edition of his Britannia, a survey of the British isles, written in elegant Latin. This work which, though much enlarged and improved in future editions, was even then esteemed as an honour to its author and the glory of its country. In 1593 he succeeded to the head mastership of Westminster school, on the resignation of Dr Grant. In this office he continued till 1597, when he was promoted to be clarencieux king at arms. In 1600 Camden made a tour to the north, as far as Carlisle, accompanied by his friend Mr (afterwards Sir Robert) Cotton. In 1606 he began his correspondence with the celebrated President de Thou, which continued to the death of that faithful historian. In the following year he published his last edition of the Britannia, which is that from which the several English translations have been made; and in 1608 he began to digest his materials for a history of the reign of Queen Elizabeth. In 1609, after recovering from a dangerous illness, he retired to Chislehurst in Kent, where he continued to spend the summer months during the remainder of his life. The first part of his annals of the queen did not appear till 1615, and he determined that the second volume should not appear till after his death. The work was entirely finished in 1617; and from that time he was principally employed in collecting more materials for the further improvement of his Britannia. In 1622, being now upwards of seventy, he determined to lose no time in executing his design of founding a history lecture in the university of Oxford. His deed of gift was accordingly transmitted by his friend Mr Heather to Mr Gregory Wheare, who was by himself appointed the first professor. Camden died at Chislehurst, Nov. 9, 1623, in the seventy-third year of his age, and was buried with great solemnity in Westminster Abbey, where a monument of white marble was erected to his memory. He was a man of singular modesty and integrity, profoundly learned in the history and antiquities of this kingdom, and a judicious and conscientious historian. He was respected and esteemed by the literati of the Continent, and will be ever remembered as an honour to the age and country in which he lived. Besides the works already mentioned, he was author of an excellent Greek grammar, and of several tracts in Hearne's collection. But his great and most useful work, the Britannia, is that upon which his fame is chiefly built. It was first translated into English, and published in folio in London in 1611, by Dr Philemon Holland, who is thought to have consulted the author himself; and therefore great respect has been paid to his additions and explanations, on a supposition that they may belong to Camden. But in a later edition of the same translation, published in 1636, the doctor has taken liberties which cannot be excused. A new translation, made with the utmost fidelity from the last edition, was published in 1695, by Edmund Gibson of Queen's College, Oxford, afterwards bishop of London; in which, besides the addition of notes, and of all that deserved to be taken notice of in Dr Holland's first edition, there are many other augmentations and improvements, all properly distinguished from the genuine work of the author; and the same judicious method was followed in the next edition of this performance. But afterwards there appeared a new translation and improved edition, by the learned and industrious topographer Mr Gough, under whose bands it was enlarged to nearly double the size of the last of the preceding editions.

city and seaport, capital of the county of the same name, in the state of New Jersey, North America, stands on the east side of the Delaware river, opposite Philadelphia, and 29 miles S.S.W. of Trenton. The city consists of three parts, the central or principal part, and the northern and southern suburbs; from all of which there are ferries to Philadelphia. The largest ships can come up to the lower part of the city, and vessels of 150 tons to the central parts. The city has considerable trade and manufactures, and numerous fine public buildings. The Camden and Amboy railway, leading from New York, terminates here; and there is also a railway to Woodbury. Pop. 9618.

village, capital of the Kershaw district in the state of South Carolina, North America, 53 miles N.E. of Columbia. It stands on the east bank of the Wateree river, by means of which flat-bottomed boats of 70 tons come up to the village. It contains a court-house, jail, academy, masonic-hall, market-house, library, arsenal, and about 1000 inhabitants. Two battles were fought here (1780-81) during the revolutionary war; and a fine marble monument has been erected to the memory of Baron de Kalb.

Camel. See Mammalia, and Index.