(the modern Kurds), ancient warlike mountain tribes, who inhabited the hill country lying be- tween Mesopotamia and the great table-land of Persia. They uniformly baffled all the attempts made at different times by the Persian monarchs to subdue them. The ten thou- sand on their retreat after the battle of Cunaxa suffered severely as they passed through the difficult country of the Carduchi. A complete account of their modes of life, Car- dunchi habits, and customs, will be found in the opening chapters of the fourth book of Xenophon's Anabasis, in which their skill in archery is thought worthy of special notice.