(Charles' rest), a city of western Germany, capital of the Grand Duchy of Baden and of the circle of Middle Rhine. It stands on an elevated plain of the Hardt Forest (which nearly surrounds it), 380 feet above the level of the sea, 5 miles from the Rhine, and 39 miles W.N.W. of Stuttgart. The Mannheim and Basle railway passes the city. Carlsruhe takes its name from Charles William, Margrave of Baden, who in 1715 erected a hunting seat here, around which the town has since been built. From the palace the principal streets, 17 in number, radiate in the form of an extended fan, in a S.E., S., and S.W. direction. The palace, erected in 1751 on the site of the previous erection of 1715, is a plain building composed of a centre and two wings, presenting nothing remarkable except the tower Bleithurm, from the summit of which a splendid view of the city and surrounding country is obtained. In front of the palace is the Great Circle, a semi-circular line of buildings, containing the government offices and the palace of the margraves of Baden. Carlsruhe has several fine public squares, the principal of which is the marketplace. In the centre of it is a pyramid in honour of Charles William, the founder of the city, whose remains are interred there. Among the public buildings are the council-house, hall of representatives, mint, post-office, barracks, arsenal, theatre, museum, polytechnic school, cannon foundry, a synagogue, and several Protestant and Catholic churches. There are also several hospitals, a deaf-mute asylum, botanic gardens, lyceum; military, medical, and veterinary schools; academies of architecture, painting, and music; and numerous literary and scientific associations. The town is adorned with several public fountains, and is supplied with water by an aqueduct from Durlach. Carlsruhe carries on few manufactures, chiefly silks, cottons, carpets, woollens, jewellery, tobacco, and snuff. Pop. (1849) 23,217.