or rather Calchedon, a maritime town of Bithynia, called also Procerastis and Colpusa, directly opposite Byzantium. It was founded by a colony from Megara, on a site so obviously inferior to that which was within their view on the opposite shore, that it received from the oracle the name of the The City of the Blind. In its early history it shared the fortunes of Byzantium, was taken by the satrap Otanes, vacillated long between the Lacedaemonian and Athenian interest, and at last fell into the hands of the kings of Bithynia, by the last of whom it was bequeathed to the Romans. It was taken and partly destroyed by Mithridates, but recovered during the empire. It fell under the repeated attacks of the barbarian hordes, who crossed over after having ravaged Byzantium, and furnished an encampment to the Persians under Chosroes. Its ruin was completed by the Turks, who used it as a quarry from which to draw the building materials for Constantinople. At Chalcedon was held the fourth general council (A.D. 451), which condemned the heresy of Eutyches.