a sculptor, son of Apollodorus of Athens, is supposed to be the author of the celebrated statue known as the Venus de' Medici, which bears on its pedestal an inscription to that effect, the genuineness of which has been much disputed, though apparently without good reason. Cleomenes flourished some time between B.C. 363 and 146. (See Smith's Dict. of Greek and Rom. Biog. and Mythol.)

king of Sparta, son and successor of Anaxandrides. Before his succession to the throne his sanity was regarded with general suspicion, and he was nearly set aside in favour of his younger brother. His first exploits consisted in the expulsion of the Peisistratidae from Athens, and in the active support which he gave to the party of Isagoras in opposition to the claims of Cleisthenes. During his absence from Sparta on an expedition against the Aeginaeans, the intrigues of Demaratus procured his recall; but Cleomenes easily rid himself of the obnoxious colleague, by bribing the priestess at Delphi to pronounce a sentence of illegitimacy against him. About this time he undertook a war against the Argives, whom he defeated in the neighbourhood of Tiryns; and his impiety in burning some of the fugitives within the precincts of the sacred grove of Argus became associated in the popular superstition with his subsequent madness. When the means by which he had procured the abdication of Demaratus became known at Sparta, he fled to Thessaly, and afterwards to Arcadia, where he plotted an invasion of his native country. The dread of his revenge reconciled the Spartans to his recall; but his conduct was so furious that they soon found it necessary to order his confinement in the stocks. This ignominious treatment, however, he did not long survive; for borrowing a knife from the helot who guarded him, he wounded himself so severely that he died.