CADWALLADER, born in 1688, was the son of the parochial clergyman of Dunse, in Berwickshire. He studied medicine at Edinburgh; and in 1708 emigrated to Pennsylvania, where he practised as a physician. His "Remarks on Animal Secretions" were published on his return to Britain, and gained him some reputation. In 1718 he settled at New York, and became lieutenant-governor of that state. He published a good History of the Five Indian Nations, and an essay On the Yellow Fever so fatal at New York in 1743. But his favourite study was botany; and in the Acta Upsalensis for 1743-4 there appeared his Plantae Novaeboracensis, containing descriptions of numerous American species of which more than 200 were then new. He died at Long Island in 1776.