a verbal index to the Bible. The earliest work of the kind is the Concordantiae Morales of Antony of Padua, who lived A.D. 1195 to 1231. It was formed from the Vulgate translation, and was the basis of the larger compilation of Cardinal Hugo de Santo Caro. The first Hebrew concordance was produced by Rabbi Mordecai Nathan (Venice 1523), and was entitled The light of the way. An improved edition was afterwards published by Calasio, a Franciscan friar (Roma, 1621). This was followed by the masterly work of the elder Buxtorf, based on the Masoretic divisions of the Old Testament. An edition adapted to the use of the English reader soon afterwards appeared from the pen of Dr Taylor of Norwich. These earlier works, however, have been almost entirely superseded by the Hebrew and Chaldee concordance of Dr Julius Fürst. To the Septuagint, the best concordance is that of Trommius, 2 vols. fol., Amst. 1718. Of Greek concordances to the New Testament, the most valuable is that of Erasmus Schmid, Vetemb. 1638, an abridged edition of which has been published by Messrs Bagster in their Polyglott Series. A greatly improved edition of the entire work has been edited by C. H. Bruder. To students acquainted only with the vernacular, the Englishman's Concordance to the Old and New Testaments presents invaluable exegetical aid, and is highly useful in giving a combined view of the different English renderings of the same Greek and Hebrew vocables. Of English concordances, that of Alexander Cruden stands unrivalled.