a small island in the Archipelago, near the coast of Caria in Asia Minor, celebrated for the spirit of its inhabitants in resisting the Persian monarchs, and as the birthplace of Hippocrates, of Apelles, and of Ptolemy Philadelphus. Its chief city, of the same name, stood opposite to Halicarnassus, but was destroyed by an earthquake during the Peloponnesian war. The island is fruitful and salubrious, and celebrated for its wine, silks, and cotton of a beautiful texture. Its modern name is Stanco or Stanchio. Pop. about 8000.