a principality in the kingdom of Hanover, comprised in the Landdrost or province of Hildesheim. It consists of two unequal parts separated by the Harz Mountains, the larger being S.W. of that range. Area about 310 square miles. The Harz Forest covers the greater part of the principality, some of the hills of which are 2700 feet in height, and are clothed to their summits with pines. The principal pursuit of the inhabitants is mining. Its mineral wealth is considerable, comprising gold, silver, copper, lead, iron, zinc, vitriol, and sulphur. The climate is cold, moist, and gloomy. Pop. 87,280.