or Adrhemetum, and Abrumetus, in Ancient Geography, a city and seaport on the coast of Africa Propria. It was a Phoenician colony of more ancient date than Carthage itself, to which it afterwards became subject. The adjoining country was of amazing fertility, and was sheltered from the sands of the desert by an amphitheatre of hills. The town itself was strongly fortified. Hannibal, when recalled from Italy, passed through it on his way to the scene of his last battle at Zama. Like most cities of Northern Africa, Hadrumetum suffered severely at the hands of the Vandals, but it was afterwards restored by Justinian, in whose honour it was called Justiniana or Justinianopolis. Considerable doubts have been entertained as to its site, but modern geographers have identified it with Susa, where extensive and splendid ruins were seen and described by the Arab geographer, Abu Behri of Cordova. Traces of these ruins were observed by the African traveller Barth, who describes them in his Wanderings among the Coastlands of Carthage and Cyrene. See also Shaw's Travels in Barbary.

Hæmoptysis (αἷμα, blood, ἐκποτεῖν, to spit), the coughing up of blood from the lungs. Its florid colour, frothiness, and comparatively small quantity, serve to distinguish it from blood coming from the stomach, which is generally darkened by admixture with the gastric juice, &c.

Hæmorrhage, or Hemorrhagia (from αἷμα, blood, and ἀγγειον, to burst), a flux of blood arising from the rupture of a blood vessel. The Greeks restricted the use of this term to a discharge of blood from the nose; but in modern use it is extended to a flux of blood from the nose, lungs, intestines, &c. The word is often spelled hemorrhage.

Hemus, the ancient name of the Thracian mountain range now known as the Emineh Daghi, or Balkan. See Balkan.

Heretico Comburendo, a writ which anciently lay against an heretic, who, having once been convicted of heresy by his bishop, and having abjured it, but afterwards falling into it again, or into some other, is thereupon committed to the secular power. See Herest.