a township and small seaport of England, county of Northumberland, 4 miles S.S.E. of Blyth. The harbour, about half a mile from the town, is accessible to vessels of 300 tons. A colliery, and glass and bottle works, afford employment to most of the inhabitants. Pop. of township (1851), 1627.

David, the celebrated author of the Observations on Man, was born August 30, 1705, at Arnley, in Yorkshire. His father was a clergyman, and he was himself destined for the church, but, after graduating at Cambridge, and becoming a fellow of Jesus College, he changed his views, and studied medicine. He practised as a physician successively at Newark, Bury St Edmunds, London, and Bath, where he died, Aug. 25, 1757, in the fifty-third year of his age. He was twice married, and had issue by both his wives. His character, as delineated by one of his own children, is so interesting, that we give the extract entire:—"From his earliest youth his mental ambition was pre-occupied by pursuits of science. His hours of amusement were likewise bestowed upon objects of taste and sentiment. Music, poetry, and history, were his favourite recreations. His imagination was fertile and correct, his language and expression fluent and forcible. His natural temper was gay, cheerful, and sociable. He was addicted to no vice in any part of his life, neither to pride, nor to sensuality, nor to intemperance, nor ostentation, nor envy, nor to any sordid self-interest; but his heart was replete with every contrary virtue. The virtuous principles which are instilled in his works were the invariable and decided principles of his life and conduct." All extant records of the great philosopher agree in the main with this account of one who had the best means of knowing and appreciating his private worth. It is no wonder that the society of such a man should have been courted by the leading thinkers and writers of that time, as we know it to have been by Law, Butler, Warburton, and Hoadley (all bishops), Jortin, Young, Hooke, and many others. Hartley began the composition of his great work when he was twenty-five years of age; and, after working on it for sixteen years, published it, after certain delays, in 1748, in 2 vols. 8vo. It was republished in 1791, with notes and additions translated from the German of H. A. Pistorius, and a sketch of his life by his son. The Observations on Man are very fully discussed in the Second Preliminary Dissertation (pp. 378 to 386), by Sir James Macintosh, prefixed to this work.