or KAMESZ, a town of Russian Poland, capital of the government of Podolia, on the Smotritza, at a short distance from its junction with the Dniester. It was formerly the strongest bulwark of Poland on the side of Turkey. Its walls were levelled by order of the Russian government in 1812, and it is now defended by a citadel and a detached fort. The streets are narrow, crooked, and dirty, and the houses are generally of wood. There are, however, some handsome public buildings, among which are the two cathedrals and several of the churches and the government offices. Kaminitz is the seat of a Greek archbishop, and of a Roman Catholic bishop. It has some manufactures, and a considerable trade. Pop. (1851) 17,109, one-half of whom are Jews.