or Kiachta, a town of Siberia, government of Irkutsk, on the Kiachta, a small affluent of the Selenga, 180 miles S.E. of Irkutsk. Kiachti is situated close to the Chinese frontier, and is the great emporium of trade between Russia and China. It consists of an upper and lower town; the former contains the public offices, barracks, &c.—the latter, about 2 miles farther S., is inhabited chiefly by merchants. On the Chinese side, and within a mile of the lower town, is the Chinese village of Mai-Maitchin with which the chief traffic of Kiachti is carried on. A great fair is held annually between the two places in December. The Russians exchange furs, leather, broad cloths, coarse linens, bullion, glass, cattle, &c., for tea, manufactured silks and cottons, china-ware, rhubarb, toys, and other Chinese produce. In 1843 the Russians imported through Kiachti, 102,700 chests of tea; and the value of woollen and cotton goods, leather and furs, received by the Chinese merchants in that year amounted to above L677,200. This, however, is about double the amount of trade in ordinary years—the great increase being occasioned by the English war with China. Pop. about 5000.

KHIANGSEE, a province of China, to the N. of Canton, surrounded on the E. and S. by mountains, and traversed by the Kan-Kiang, which, in the N. of the province, forms the Po-yang-hu Lake. The valley of the Kan-Kiang is a highly productive region. The porcelain of this province is of the first quality; it is manufactured on an immense scale at King-te-ching, a large town to the N.E. of Lake Poyang. Capital, Nan-Cang-foo. Pop. 33,000,000. Area, 72,000 square miles.

KHIANG-SU, a maritime province of China, bounded E. by the Yellow Sea, S.W., N.W., and N., by Tcheh-Kiang, Nganhoei, Honan, and Shantung. Area, 44,500 square miles. It is one of the most fertile provinces in China, and possesses unusual facilities for commerce, being traversed by the great rivers Hoang-bo, and Yang-tse-Kiang, and from S.E. to N.W. by the Imperial Canal. The surface is mostly level, and a great portion of the coast is protected by dikes from the incursion of the sea. Marshes and lakes are numerous; of the latter, which abound in fish, the largest are the Hong-tse-hu, the Kan-yu-hu, and the Tai-hu. The chief products of the province are silk, cotton, tea, rice, &c., of which large quantities are exported. The principal cities are Nankin, Shang-hai, Yang-tchu-fu, and Sui-tchu-fu. Pop. about 98,000,000.