(in Hungarian, Kolozsvár), a royal free town of Austria, the capital of Transylvania, on the Szamos, 72 miles N.W. of Hermannstadt. It is situated in the midst of a beautiful and fertile valley, surrounded by mountains, and consists of an inner town (subdivided into the old and the new), with walls, seats, and towers, and six suburbs. It has a fine old Gothic cathedral, besides churches and convents, an academical lyceum and library, Roman Catholic gymnasium, a Reformed and a Unitarian college, several hospitals, a theatre, public gardens, a ruined castle, and numerous palaces of the nobility. The trade and manufactures are unimportant. Pop. in 1846, 25,500, consisting of natives of Saxon descent, Hungarians, Germans, Armenian Greeks, Jews, &c., all enjoying equal rights. Klausenburg is supposed to occupy the site of the Claudius or Claudiopolis of the Romans, upon which a Saxon colony founded a new or enlarged city in 1178. King Matthias Corvinus was born here.