Pol. Łaców, Lat. Leopoli), a city of Austrian Poland, capital of the kingdom of Galicia, is situate in a narrow valley on the Peltew, a small tributary of the Bug, 185 miles E.S.E. of Cracow, and 365 E.N.E. of Vienna; N. Lat. 49. 51. 40.; E. Long. 24. 2. 45. Lemberg was formerly an important fortress, but its fortifications have been destroyed, and its ramparts planted and laid out in public walks. The town itself is small, but it has four large suburbs, each of which surpasses it in size. Within the town the streets are irregular and narrow, and the houses old; but the suburbs are well laid out, and contain many handsome buildings. The houses are built of freestone, and usually two or three storeys in height. Lemberg is the seat of three archbishops, belonging to the Roman Catholic, the Armenian, and the Greek church; and the number of its ecclesiastical edifices, with their steeples and cupolas, give it, especially when viewed from a distance, an air of grandeur. Besides the 3 cathedrals, it has 13 Roman Catholic churches, 2 synagogues, one of which is the most splendid in the Austrian dominions, a Protestant chapel, and several Roman Catholic and Greek convents. In the Dominican church is a monument, by Thorwaldsen, to the Countess Dunin-Borowska. The University of Lemberg has faculties of theology, law, medicine, and philosophy, and is attended by about 1500 students. The library contains about 50,000 volumes. Among the other educational institutions are two gymnasia, a Roman Catholic, and a Greek ecclesiastical seminary, a normal school, and a school of arts and sciences. There is a public library of 60,000 volumes, particularly rich in Polish literature. Lemberg is more a commercial than a manufacturing city, though it carries on some manufactures of cotton and woollen stuffs, leather, &c. It is the principal trading town in Galicia, though it is chiefly limited to carrying and commission business, arising from its situation on the high road from Odessa to Silesia and Warsaw. Several important fairs are held here, the most important of which is that called Drei Königs Messe, which lasts for six weeks from the 14th of January. A great trade in corn and cattle is also carried on. Pop. (1849) 75,000, of whom about 20,000 were Jews.

LEMGÖ, a town of Germany, principality of Lippe-Detmold, on the Bega, 6 miles N. of Detmold. It has an antique appearance, and is surrounded by an old wall with seven gates. The Rathhaus and the church of St Nicholas are admirable specimens of Gothic architecture. It carries on a trade in wool, linen, leather, and meerschaum-pipes, especially the last. Pop. 4200.