one of the most ancient and most illustrious of the patrician gentes of Rome. Its most notable members were the following:

CNEIUS MANLIUS VULSO, who was curule aedile B.C. 197 (Liv. xxxii. 25), praetor B.C. 195, and consul B.C. 189. Despatched in this last capacity to settle the affairs of Asia, he waged a successful war against the Galatians, and secured much booty. After remaining in Asia as proconsul during 188 B.C., and effecting the object for which he had been sent, Manlius Vulso set out with his army for Rome; but on his march through Thrace, he was attacked by the natives and stripped of a great part of his plunder. Not without some opposition was he honoured with a triumph in 186 B.C. (Liv. xxxvii. xxxviii. xxxix.)

MARCUS MANLIUS CAPITOLINUS, the deliverer of the Capitol, at an early age carried off the spoils of two enemies, was the first knight to win a mural crown, and gained six civic crowns and thirty-seven marks of distinction. (Pl. vii.) He was consul along with L. Valerius Potitus in 392 B.C.; and two years afterwards he saved the Capitol when on the eve of being captured by the Gauls. For this exploit, according to the ordinary opinion, he was honoured with the surname of Capitolinus. From this time Manlius seems to have fostered a morbid appetite for public applause. Accordingly, in 385 B.C., he placed himself at the head of the plebeians, then groaning under a burden of debts, and roused them to so great a fury against his own order, the patri- cians, that it was necessary to appoint a dictator. A. Cornelius Cossius, who was raised to this office, threw Manlius into prison, but owing to the clamours of the people, was soon afterwards obliged to release him. In 381 B.C. Manlius was arraigned before the people on the charge of aiming at sovereign power. According to the ordinary account, he overawed his judges during his trial by pointing to the Capitol in the distance, and not until the assembly had adjourned to a spot out of sight of that edifice was he convicted, and sentenced to be thrown from the Tarpeian rock. (Liv. vi. 11-20.) But another tradition represents him to have seized upon the Capitol (Dion. Frag. 31); and after holding it for some time, to have been captured and beheaded. (Gell.xvii.21.) His house was razed to the ground, and the Manlian family decreed that none of its patrician members should take the name of Marcus. Gellius says, that in birth and valour Manlius Capitolinus was second to none, and in personal beauty, exploits, eloquence, and daring, superior to all (xvii. 2). (See Roman History.)

TITUS MANLIUS IMPERIOSUS TORQUATUS was the son of L. Manlius Imperiosus. When his father was on the eve of being prosecuted for cruelty towards his soldiers and his own son, Titus entered the house of his accuser, the tribune Pomponius, and pointing a dagger to his breast, threatened to strike him dead if he did not forthwith drop the prosecution. In consequence of this bold deed of affection he speedily became popular, and was soon afterwards elected a military tribune. But the greatest feat of Manlius was achieved when he was serving in the army that repelled the invasion of the Gauls in 361 B.C. In the sight of the two hosts on the banks of the Anio, he accepted the challenge of a gigantic Gaul, slew him, and spoiled him of his armour. From a golden chain (torques) which he took from the neck of his foe, he was henceforth surnamed Torquatus. (Liv. vii. 4, 5, 10.) After this Manlius was twice raised to the office of dictator, and thrice to that of consul. In his last consulship he conducted a war against the Latins; and while the two armies stood facing each other, he forbade any Roman, on pain of death, to engage one of the enemy in single combat. His own son disobeyed, and suffered the penalty by his father's order. Owing to this extreme severity, the triumph of Torquatus for his victory over the Latins was not attended by the young Romans. (Liv. viii. 3-12.)

TETUS MANLIUS TORQUATUS was consul along with C. Attilius Bulbus in 235 B.C., when the temple of Janus was closed for the second time. (Liv. i. 19.) His second consulship was in 224 B.C., when, along with his colleague Q. Fulvius Flaccus, he waged a successful war with the Gauls, and was the first that led a Roman army across the Po. (Polyb. ii. 31.) In 216 B.C. he opposed the proposal to ransom the Romans captured at Cannae. (Liv. xxii. 60.) Soon after this he defeated the Carthaginians in Sardinia, and reduced that island. He was offered the consulship in 210 B.C., but refused it on account of the weakness of his eyes. (Liv. xxvi. 22.)