a government of West Prussia, is bounded on the N. by that of Dantzig, on the E. by that of Königsberg, on the S. by Poland and Posen, and on the W. by Brandenburg, with an area of 6759 square miles. The surface is for the most part level, and in some places marshy; but there are a few small hills scattered about in different parts. Much of the country is of no great fertility, and is ill cultivated; but near the rivers the soil is rich and fertile. The principal rivers are the Vistula, which is navigable, and its tributary the Brahe. No considerable mining operations are carried on in this district; nor are manufactures or commerce in a very thriving condition. The government is divided into thirteen circles; and the capital is Marienwerder, a neat town situated on the Liebe and little Nogat, 2 miles E. of the Vistula, and 43 miles S.S.E. of Dantzig. The town is chiefly notable for its old castle, now used as a court-house and prison; and for the cathedral, which has a spire of the height of 170 feet, and contains many ancient tombs of the Teutonic knights. The town also possesses a gymnasium, a school of architecture, an asylum for blind soldiers, another for their widows and children, an hospital, and a house of refuge for neglected children. The manufactures are not very extensive, and consist principally of linen and woollen stuffs, leather, hats, beer, and wines. Pop. of the government (1852) 649,548, of the town 7600.