a seaport of E. Prussia, in the government of Königsberg, is situated at the entrance of a large inlet of the Baltic called the Kurische Haff, near the mouth of the Dange, 74 miles N.N.E. of Königsberg; Lat. of lighthouse 55° 43' 7 N., Long. 21° 6' 2 E. The town consists of three parts—the old town, the new town, and Frederick's Town; besides several suburbs. It was surrounded by walls in the time of the Teutonic knights, and is still fortified, having a citadel with four bastions, built in 1250, and part of which is now employed as a prison. Memel contains two Lutheran churches, one Calvinistic, and one Roman Catholic church, a synagogue, several schools and benevolent institutions, two arsenals, an exchange, and a theatre. The harbour, which is spacious and secure, is obstructed by a bar at the entrance of the Kurische Haff; where the depth of water is never more than 18, and sometimes as low as 13 feet; so that large vessels are obliged to load and unload in the roads. The harbour is commanded by the citadel; and at the entrance stands the lighthouse, 128 feet high, with a very brilliant stationary light, which is visible to the distance of 20 miles. The principal articles of manufacture are woollen cloth and soap; and there are also in Memel breweries, distilleries, shipbuilding yards, &c. The position of the town on the Baltic, and its proximity to the Russian frontier, render it a place of considerable trade. The following is an account of the number and tonnage of the vessels which have entered and left the port from 1851 to 1854:

| Year | Entered | Cleared | |------|---------|---------| | 1851 | 1104 | 1188 | | 1852 | 740 | 769 | | 1853 | 884 | 1007 | | 1854 | 1766 | 1570 |

The number of vessels belonging to Memel was in 1855, 85, and in 1856, 88. The principal exports are—timber (chiefly oak and fir), corn, hemp, flax, oil, wool, hides, tallow, &c.; and the imports consist of salt, coal, herrings, cutlery, cotton, yarn, &c. The town was partially destroyed by fire in 1854. Pop. 10,769.

MEMMI or DI MARTINO, SIMONE, a celebrated Italian painter, was born about 1285 at Siena. According to Vasari, he was a pupil of Giotto, and in 1298 was engaged under that master in the mosaic of the Navicella at Rome. But as Memmi was then only fourteen, Vasari's account has been doubted by Rumohr, Lanzi, and others. He was, how-