Wolfgang, a German theologian, was born of poor parents at Dieuze in France in 1497. He entered the Benedictine abbey of Lutzelstein at the age of fifteen, and was soon afterwards ordained priest. Chancing, however, to meet with the writings of Luther, he became a Protestant, threw off the gown in 1527, and married. Danger and poverty now assailed him; and it was not until he had been compelled to skulk from place to place, and to earn a scanty pittance by the labour of his hands, that he was appointed minister of Augsburg in 1531. During the next seventeen years, the time not devoted to his pastoral duties was occupied in defending the doctrines of the Reformation against the Anabaptists and the Papists, and in studying Greek and the oriental languages. He left Augsburg in 1548, and wandered through Switzerland, with his wife and eight children, for some time afterwards. At length he was appointed to the chair of theology at Bern. He held this post till his death in 1563. The works of Musculus contain, among others, Commentarius in Genesis, fol., Basle, 1557; Commentarius in Matthaeum, fol., Basle, 1541; and Loci Communes, Basle, 1554.