or NANGASAKI, a seaport-town of Japan, in the island of Kiu-siu, is situated on a peninsula formed by the Bay of Ohomura, on the west coast of the island; N. Lat. 32. 43., E. Long. 129. 51. It is built with considerable regularity on the slope of a hill, and the streets are broad and clean. The houses, which seldom exceed one storey in height, are constructed of a mixture of clay and straw on a framework of wood; and are covered with a cement that has the appearance of stone. The place of glass is supplied in the windows by strong oiled paper. Most of the better sort of houses have a large portico in front, and the back part of the house, where the family live, projects in a triangular form into a garden. The gardens, which are attached to all the houses of Nagasaki, are generally laid out in a picturesque style, with rocks, trees, and waterfalls. In most of them there is also a small chapel. The slight materials of which the houses are built render them very liable to fires, which are frequently very destructive to the town. In order to provide against these, there is generally a detached storehouse, all the wood-work of which is thickly covered with clay, and there is also kept at hand a large vessel of liquid mud with which to besmear the walls in cases of danger. In these storehouses the inhabitants keep their most valuable property. The principal buildings in Nagasaki are,—the palaces of the princes of the empire and of the government officials; the numerous ya siros, or temples, in the town and neighbourhood; theatres; and tea-houses. The temples are surrounded with pleasure-grounds, which are much resorted to; and attached to them are large apartments, used for the accommodation of travellers or for banquets, and let out for such purposes by the priests. The Chinese factory stands in the southern suburb, and that of the Dutch in the island of Dezima, which is connected with the land by a bridge of stone. To this island, not more than 200 yards in length and 80 in breadth, the Dutch were for a long time strictly confined, and were not allowed to erect anything more substantial than wood and bamboo buildings on it. Beyond it they might not go, except with the permission of the governor of the town, to whom they must give twenty-four hours' previous notice; and when leave was obtained, each man was attended by a large number of official spies, all of whom had to be entertained at his expense. These restrictions, however, have been modified by the treaty concluded between the Dutch and the Japanese, 9th November 1855, which allows the Dutch full liberty to leave the island of Dezima. Nagasaki is now also open to the English, Americans, and Russians. The harbour affords good anchorage, and is deep, safe, and well sheltered. It is about 7 miles in length, by 1 in breadth, and has a depth of 5 or 6 fathoms. The estimates of the population vary considerably, but it is probably about 70,000.