Hungarian, Iglo), a town of Hungary, county of Zips, in a beautiful plain on the Hernad, 5 miles S. by W. of Leutschau, and 136 N.E. of Pesth. It is well built, and has one principal street and square. The parish church is a fine building with a lofty tower. There are also a Protestant church, a high school, court-house, town-hall, theatre, and hospital. The manufacture of linen and paper, and the forging of iron, are carried on here; and iron and copper mines are worked, and flax cultivated, in the vicinity. Pop. 5900.

Neuhaus, a town of Bohemia, circle of Tabor, stands on the Nezarka, 26 miles N.E. of Budweis. It has an old castle, now in ruins, a handsome parish church, five other churches, a Franciscan convent, town-hall, barracks, and theatre. Manufactures of linen, cotton, and woollen fabrics are carried on. Pop. 7604.

Neuhausel, a market-town of Hungary, in the county of Neutra, on the river, and 22 miles S.S.E. of the town of that name. It was formerly a fortress of some importance; and has a church, a Franciscan monastery, two schools, and a town-hall. Some trade is carried on in corn, wine, and cattle. Pop. 6780.

Neuhoff, Theodor, Baron von, a noted military adventurer, was descended from a noble Westphalian family, and was born at Metz toward the close of the seventeenth century. His father, an officer in the French service, died when he was still young, and left him exposed to the attacks of poverty and the freaks of fortune. He obtained a lieutenantcy in the regiment of Alsace; but a habit of falling into debt, and of never getting out of it, did not suffer him to remain long at this post. He then shifted about from one country to another, trusting to his titles, address, and good luck for a livelihood. At length he seemed to have gained a permanent footing in Spain. The two famous statesmen Alberoni and Ripperda patronized him in succession; a colonel's commission was conferred upon him; and a lady of honour to the Spanish queen gave him her hand in marriage. But no sooner did the German fortune-hunter find that his wife's dowry fell far short of his expectations, than he seized upon her jewels, bade adieu to the land of his adoption, and escaped over the border into France. His plunder was soon squandered, and his favourite character of wandering impostor was resumed. For several years he continued to skulk from one European city to another, changing his name to suit his circumstances, and fleeing from old debts only to fall into new ones. Happening, in the course of his wanderings, to meet some of those Corsican patriots who were then asserting their country's independence against the Genoese, he commenced, with his usual ready hypocrisy, to profess a deep interest in their cause, and to proffer his counsel. He advised them to elect some noble and influential personage for their king, who should lead their armies, form their government, and lay the foundation of their independence; and he hinted that he, a German baron, and a favourite with the princes of Europe, was a suitable object for their choice. The hint was taken; and the Corsicans agreed to support his ambitious scheme, on condition that he should furnish some substantial proof of his devotion to their cause. Neuhoff was immediately on foot, using all his arts and address to obtain assistance from several European courts for the patriotic Corsicans. His efforts were unsuccessful. He then posted to Africa, and by dint of enormous promises, received a ship-load of supplies and ammunition from the Dey of Tunis. With these he landed at Corsica in March 1736, and was received with enthusiasm by the islanders. The game of ambition thus successfully begun was now played out with consummate tact and dexterity. He kept up a show of possessing great wealth; added to his name the honourable titles of most of the courts in Christendom; feigned to be constantly receiving despatches from the principal powers of Europe and Africa; and at length declared himself a candidate for the crown, and obtained it in the following April. The same system of display which had raised the foreign adventurer to the throne was now found necessary to keep him there. Accordingly, he surrounded himself with 400 body-guards, distributed among his followers many brevets of nobility, instituted a new order of knighthood under the name of the Order of Deliverance, and asserted his sovereign power and majesty by hanging up three persons of high birth. But these arts, though successful at first, could not long defend the impostor against the disclosures of advancing time. The great promises he had held out of foreign assistance continued to be unfulfilled; rumours concerning his real character began to reach the island; and the failure of his attempt to take the town of Bastia from the Genoese proved his incapacity to vindicate the freedom of his new subjects. His popularity was waning fast when, at the end of a reign of eight months, he entrusted the government to a council of regency, and repaired to Europe to procure the reinforcements which he had promised. Here ended the reign of Theodore I. of Corsica. Happening, in his vain search for supplies, to repair to Amsterdam, he was pounced upon by some of his old creditors, and was cast into prison. When by mortgaging two of the Corsican towns to a Jewish merchant, he had received a large sum of money, and had been enabled in 1738 to release himself from prison, and to repair to Corsica with three merchant vessels and a frigate, he found that the island was entirely under the power of the French, the allies of the Genoese, and that the islanders were unable to receive him. Affairs were not more favourable, even after the French had departed in 1741. On presenting himself once more before his subjects in 1742, Neuhoff found that there was a strong faction of the Corsicans against him, and that the Genoese had set a price upon his head. He immediately abandoned his forlorn hopes, and fled to England. The reverses, however, of this poor puppet of fortune were not yet at an end. His Dutch creditors soon ferreted him out, and for seven years he lay in the King's Bench Prison. Through the interference of Horace Walpole, he obtained his release in 1756, under the act of insolvency, and was enabled to make an agreement with his creditors by mortgaging Corsica. But grief and poverty brought his life to a close in December of the same year.