Isaac, an eminent miniature-painter, was born in England in 1556. After studying, it is said, under Nicholas Hilliard and Frederigo Zuccaro, he appeared before the public as a professional artist. At times he painted history, and executed drawings after Parmigianino and other Italian masters. But it was in the field of miniature portrait-painting that his fame was won. His likenesses of Mary Queen of Scots, Queen Elizabeth, Henry Prince of Wales, Sir Philip Sydney, Ben Jonson, and others, were unrivalled for their delicate truthfulness and exquisite finish; and afterwards obtained a place in the celebrated collection of Dr Mead. It was after a miniature of his that the portrait of James I. was painted by Rubens and Vandyck. Isaac Oliver died at his house in Blackfriars in 1617.

Peter, the eldest son of the preceding, was born in London in 1601. He was instructed in art by his father, and succeeded to his father's place and reputation in miniature portrait-painting. Among other works, he executed a portrait of his wife, which was, in the time of Walpole, in the possession of the Duchess of Portland; and seven historical pieces, which were lately in Queen Caroline's closet in Kensington Palace. His death took place about 1654.