a lake of European Russia, in the government of Olonetz, lies to the N.E. of Lake Ladoga, next to which it is the largest lake in Europe. Its shape is irregular, its length from N.N.E. to S.S.W., being about 130 miles, and its greatest breadth about 50 miles; area estimated at 3400 square miles; its depth for the most part varies from 80 to 100 fathoms. Near the shores there are numerous small islands, but the centre is quite open. It is fed by the rivers Migra, Shuia, Vodla, and Vytegra; and discharges its waters by the Svir into Lake Ladoga. The shores are generally rocky, and the waters clear, abounding in fish.

Gulf of, the south-western arm of the White Sea, runs into the land in a S.E. direction, having a length of 75 miles, and a breadth at its mouth of 60 miles. It receives at its head the River Onega, which issues from Lake Latcha in Olonetz, flows N.E. to the confines of Archangel, and thence N.W. to the sea; total length, 270 miles. It is used for floating down timber, but is seldom navigated on account of the numerous falls and rapids.