(Germ. Pfalz), an ancient division of Germany, consisting of two parts, the Upper and the Lower Palatinate. The former, having an area of 2756 square miles, lay to the N.E. of Bavaria, of which kingdom it now forms the circles of Upper Palatinate and Upper Franconia. The Lower Palatinate, which had an area of 1590 square miles, lay on both sides of the Rhine, between Worms and Carlsruhe. It is now divided among Rhenish Prussia, Baden, and Bavaria. The portion included in the last of these countries forms the modern circle of Palatinate, Palembang. (See BAYARIA.)