a province of the kingdom of Naples, bounded on the N. by the province of Molise, E. and S.E. by those of Capitanata and Basilicata, S. by that of Principato Citra, and W. by that of Terra di Lavoro; length from E. to W., 47 miles; greatest breadth, 46; area, 1,409 square miles. It is almost entirely mountainous, being traversed towards its eastern limits by the central chain of the Apennines, but lying chiefly between that and the lower western ridge of these mountains. Part of this latter ridge is formed by Monte Taburno, the ancient Talourna, which separates this country from the plains on the sea-coast. The chief rivers are the Calore, an affluent of the Volturno; its affluents, the Tamaro and Sabbato; and the Ofanto, which flows eastward into the Adriatic. Principato Ultra enjoys a mild and healthy climate; and the soil is fertile and well cultivated, especially in the valleys. Corn, timber, wine, fruits, &c., are raised; and cattle and sheep are pastured among the mountains. Paper-mills, iron-foundries, and woollen factories are the chief manufactures in the province. Rural produce is exported to a considerable extent. Principato Ultra is divided into 3 districts, 34 arrondissements, and 134 communes. The capital is Avelino. The territory of Benevento, belonging to the Papal States, is entirely surrounded by this province. Pop. (1856) 375,313.