the name applied by Protestants to that large section of Christians which regard the Bishop or Pope of Rome as its infallible spiritual head, and which assumes to itself the title of Catholic or Universal. Its principal doctrines have already been given under the heads Mass, Popz, Popery, Purgatory, &c. Under the article Reformation is given a rapid sketch of the successful struggles made by various of the European states to deliver themselves from the domination of the Pope.