(Arab. Rashied), a seaport of Egypt, on the left bank of the most westerly mouth of the Nile, hence called the Rosetta Mouth, 40 miles N.E. of Alexandria. Along the bank of the river stretches a broad open space, forming a public walk; beyond this is the town, consisting of parallel streets running from N. to S., crossed by other shorter ones. As in most eastern towns, the streets are extremely narrow, sometimes not more than two yards across, while the upper storeys of the houses frequently meet. The buildings are for the most part of dull, red brick, two or three storeys high. The groves of palms, bananas, and orange trees about Rosetta, contrasting with the surrounding expanse of barren and dreary sand, give a beautiful appearance to the town; and the salubrity of the climate attracts many visitors. The public buildings comprise several mosques, a Greek and a Roman Catholic church, khans, and bazaars. The town is inclosed by loop-holed walls. There are still some manufactures at Rosetta, especially weaving of cotton and linen fabrics; and the trade which was formerly carried on with Europe and the Levant, though now for the most part transferred to Alexandria, has not altogether deserted the place. It was here that the celebrated Rosetta stone was found, now in the British Museum, containing the trilingual inscription that furnished the key to the Egyptian hieroglyphics. Pop. probably about 15,000. (See Egypt.)

ROSHÉM, a fortified town of France, in the department of Bas-Rhin, among the Vosges Mountains, 14 miles S.W. of Strasbourg. It contains two handsome churches, a town-hall, and an hospital. Manufactures of cotton cloth are carried on. In the vicinity are mineral springs. Pop. 3971.