a fortified town of European Russia, in the government of Saratov, near the confluence of the Sarpa and the Volga, 15 miles S. of Tzaritzin. It was founded in 1765 by a colony of the Moravian brethren, and contrasts favourably with most of the Russian towns in this region, having straight streets, lined with neat white houses, and meeting in the centre in a fine market-place, adorned with a fountain. Cotton, silk, and woollen fabrics are manufactured here, as well as hosiery, tobacco, and snuff. The surrounding country has been brought by the labours of the settlers into a most flourishing condition, with rich fields, gardens, and meadows. Pop. about 4000.