a district of British India, under the lieutenant-governor of Bengal, lying between N. Lat. 25° 40' and 27° 29', E. Long. 83° 55' and 85° 30'; bounded on the N. by the kingdom of Nepaul, E. by the district of Tirhoot, S. by those of Patna, Shahabad, and Ghazeepoor, and W. by that of Goruckpoor. Length about 115 miles from north to south; breadth, 90; area, 6394 square miles. It is almost entirely even, with no mountains or hills; and has a general slope towards the south-east, in which direction the most of the rivers flow. The southern border of the district is washed by the Ganges, between the points where it receives the Ghaghra and the Gunduk; the former of which forms the south-western, and the latter the eastern, boundary of Sarun. The Ganges and the Ghaghra are both navigable here. Of the numerous other rivers the most important is the Bagmattee. The soil is exceedingly fertile, and produces wheat, barley, rice, maize, millet, and pulse of various kinds, besides opium, tobacco, indigo, cotton, &c. There are, especially in the north of the district, large and valuable forests of sali and other timber. The manufactures are few and unimportant; and the trade consists chiefly in the exportation of raw produce, and the importation of silk, broadcloth, salt, &c. Sarun once belonged to the powerful kingdom of Magadha; and subsequently formed part of the province of Behar, which was granted to the East India Company in 1765 by the Mogul. Pop. 1,700,000.