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SAVANNAH

Volume 19 · 526 words · 1860 Edition

the largest town in the state of Georgia, United States of North America, on the right bank of the river of the same name, about 18 miles above its mouth and 90 W.S.W. of Charleston. It occupies a perfectly level site, on a bluff about 40 feet above the river, and consequently does not present, when viewed externally, a very striking appearance. The town, however, is one of the finest and best laid out in the southern States. Broad streets intersect each other at right angles, and at every alternate corner there is a public place, circular or oval in form. These, as well as the streets, are lined with shady rows of Pride of India trees, which give the town an exceedingly beautiful appearance, and have procured for it the title of the Forest City. Many of the houses are built of wood, but in others brick is employed. The public buildings are not very remarkable, the finest being a Presbyterian and an Episcopal church. A plain monument has been erected to General Green, and another of a very splendid appearance to Pulaski, who were both distinguished, while the latter fell, in the attack on the place when held by the British in 1779. Savannah has an exchange, theatre, court-house, jail, arsenal, market-house, and custom-house. There are also several academies, hospitals, banking establishments, and insurance offices. No important manufactures are carried on, but the commerce is much greater than the appearance and size of the town would lead the stranger to expect. The reason of this is to be found in the number and extent of lines of communication which centre at Savannah, and convey to it the produce of the inland country. Besides the river there are 1053 miles of railways in various directions, bringing down from the interior cotton and other goods; while steamers ply regularly to New York, Philadelphia, Bermudas, the British West Indies, &c. Savannah exports to the Northern States, Great Britain, and France, cotton, rice, and naval stores; to the Gulf ports, rice; and to Cuba and San Francisco, timber and rice; while it imports from England railway iron, hardware, salt, &c.; from the Northern States, groceries and dry goods; and from New Orleans and the West Indies, molasses, sugar, whisky, fruits, &c. Between September 1st 1851 and September 1st 1852 the receipts of cotton at Savannah were 351,566 bales, and the exports 353,068 bales. In the same year there were exported 39,929 casks of rice, and 25,508,500 feet of timber. The harbour of the town is not equal to the accommodation of its rapidly-increasing business; and the river is obstructed about a mile below by some sunken wrecks. But great efforts are being made by the citizens, with some assistance from the United States government, for the improvement of the river. The shipping of the port, June 30th 1852, had an aggregate tonnage of 13,053 registered, and 10,909 enrolled and licensed. During the year ending on that day there arrived from foreign ports 117 vessels; tonnage, 49,270; and their cleared for foreign ports 147; tonnage, 61,516. Pop. (1850) 16,060; (1853) 23,458, of whom 13,714 were free, and 9744 slaves.