a province of China, lying between N. Lat. 32. and 39. 30., E. Long. 106. and 111.; bounded on the N. by Mongolia, from which it is separated by the Great Wall, E. by the provinces of Shant-si and Honan, S. by those of Hou-pe and Se-chuen, and W. by that of Kan-su. Area, 67,504 square miles. Most of the surface is hilly; for in the south the Pehi-ling range, between the valleys of the Hoang-ho and Yang-tze-keang, traverses the country; while in the north the ground is less elevated, and has a general slope towards the east. The principal river is the Hoang-ho, which flows along the eastern bound- ary of the province. It receives here several affluents of considerable size, such as the Loh, Wu-ting, and Wei-ho. The southern portion of the province is watered by several affluents of the Yang-tze-keang. Shen-si is not so produc- tive as some of the other Chinese provinces. It yields wheat, millet, musk, rhubarb, cinnamon, lead, woollen fab- rics, &c. The capital is Se-gan-foo, which was for a long time the metropolis of China. Pop. (1812) 10,207,256; (1843) 10,500,000.