or SURABAYA, the capital of a Dutch residency of the same name, in the island of Java, on the N.E. coast, opposite the small island of Madura, 184 miles E. of Samarang, and 416 E. of Batavia. It is defended by several forts, earthen ramparts, and moats. There are here a town-hall, government offices, a Protestant and a Roman Catholic church, several schools, large docks, and a naval arsenal. Besides ship-building and repairing, tanning and weaving are carried on here; and the trade of the place is very important. Rice, sugar, coffee, indigo, hides, &c., are exported; and European goods are imported. Soerabaya occupies a very healthy situation, and is at present the most flourishing town in Java. The harbour is good, but somewhat difficult of entrance. Pop. 100,000.

The residency of Soerabaya is about 60 miles in length by 40 in breadth. It consists of a low level tract along the shore, rising inland to a chain of well-wooded hills, attaining in some places the height of 11,000 feet. The soil is generally fertile, yielding rice, coffee, cotton, sugar, and indigo. Pop. 970,000.