or Spalato, a seaport of the Austrian empire, capital of a circle in Dalmatia, about 100 miles S.E. of Zara. It stands on a small peninsula, on the north shore of the strait that separates the islands of Zirona, Solta, and Brazza from the mainland. The site of the modern town is that chosen by Diocletian as the place of his retirement after abdicating the purple. The village of Salona, about 6 miles to the north, was then a large and prosperous city, the capital of Dalmatia, and the birthplace of Diocletian himself. On the shore of a small bay rose the magnificent palace of the emperor. In form it was quadrangular, covering nearly ten acres; and within its spacious precincts stood temples and theatres, halls and porticoes; the whole being enclosed by walls flanked with sixteen imposing towers. When the Goths in the sixth century, and the Avars in the seventh, laid waste Salona, its inhabitants fled before them to the adjacent islands; and returning after the storm had passed, they found that the solid walls of the palace had alone withstood the fury of the barbarians. Within these, accordingly, they established themselves; and founded a new town, whose name, from Palatium, was corrupted into Spalato. In the middle ages the town gradually increased in size and prosperity, and spread beyond the limits of the ancient palace walls. Under the Venetians, it was at one time fortified; but, having been subsequently found indefensible, the walls and gates have been allowed to fall into decay. The marketplace of the modern town was one of the halls of Diocletian's palace; the temple of Jupiter has been turned into a cathedral; and that of Esculapius is now the baptistery of St John. The streets of the town are narrow and crooked, and the houses for the most part old-fashioned. East of Spalato stands, on a rock, the fort of Clessa, which commands the broad fertile valley leading into the interior of the country. It is strongly fortified, and commands a wide and beautiful prospect. The harbour of Spalato is large, convenient, and safe. A considerable trade is carried on, both by land and sea, in corn, oil, wine, fruits, cattle, horses, &c. The people are partly employed in fishing, and partly in the manufacture of silk, leather, woollen cloth, and other articles. Pop. 9000.